Ocean safety and lifeguard station on Big Island beach

Ocean Safety Guide

Mālama i ke Kai: Caring for Our Ocean and Yourself

Kalani Miller, ocean expert and cultural storyteller

Written by an Ocean Expert

Kalani Miller

Mālama i ke Kai: Ocean Safety

The ocean gives us so much. Joy, peace, life itself. Our kuleana, our sacred responsibility, is to respect its immense power and protect its delicate fragility. These aren't just rules. They are ways to show our aloha for the kai. Understanding how to be safe is the first and most important step in that process. This is a topic often overlooked by other sources, but for me, it's the most critical part of your journey.

Reading the Water - The Unseen Dangers

⚠️ Critical Safety Rule

"When in doubt, don't go out." This saying could save your life. Always watch the ocean for several minutes before entering. Never turn your back on the waves.

Rip Currents

These are powerful, narrow channels of water flowing away from shore. They don't pull you under, but they can pull you out. Learn to spot them. Look for a channel of churning, choppy water. Look for a line of foam or debris moving steadily out to sea. Look for a noticeable break in the incoming wave pattern.

🌊 If You Get Caught in a Rip Current:

  1. 1. Stay calm - Don't panic or fight the current
  2. 2. Don't swim directly back to shore - You'll exhaust yourself
  3. 3. Let it carry you out - Once the pull lessens
  4. 4. Swim parallel to the shoreline - Until you're free of the current
  5. 5. Then swim back to shore - At an angle

Dangerous Shorebreak

In Hawaiʻi, waves break with incredible force directly onto the shore. This is because we don't have a continental shelf to slow them down. Even a wave that looks small—as little as 3 feet high—can knock you down and cause serious head, neck, and spinal injuries. Always watch the ocean for several minutes before entering. Never turn your back on the waves.

👀 Watch & Learn

  • • Observe for 5-10 minutes before entering
  • • Look for wave patterns and currents
  • • Check for other swimmers' behavior
  • • Notice foam lines and debris movement

🏊‍♂️ Safe Entry

  • • Enter feet first, never dive headfirst
  • • Time your entry between wave sets
  • • Keep your eyes on the ocean
  • • Have an exit strategy planned

🚨 Emergency Info

  • Emergency: 911
  • Ocean Safety: (808) 961-8093
  • Beach Conditions: HawaiiBeachSafety.com

Safety Checklist

  • Check beach conditions online
  • Swim with a buddy
  • Stay hydrated
  • Use reef-safe sunscreen
  • Know your limits

✍️ About the Author

Kalani Miller - Ocean Expert & Cultural Storyteller
Kalani Miller

Ocean Expert

A lifelong ocean enthusiast and cultural storyteller dedicated to sharing the Big Island's water activities responsibly and authentically.

The Volcanic Coastline - A Unique Hazard

Much of the Big Island's coastline is made of lava rock, not sand. This requires special care when entering and exiting the water.

⚠️ Slippery Surfaces

Wet lava rock is often covered in a thin, nearly invisible layer of algae, making it incredibly slippery. Take your time and use three points of contact.

🌊 Ocean Surge

Always be aware of the surge. A wave can rush up and knock you off your feet in an instant. Time your movements between wave sets.

🔴 Sea Urchins (Wana)

The small holes (pukas) in the rock are often home to wana with long, brittle spines. Never put your hands or feet into crevices you can't see into.

Respecting Marine Life - A Practice of Coexistence

When you enter the ocean, you are a visitor in a vast and vibrant home. Interacting with wildlife should always be done with respect and distance.

🐢 Honu (Green Sea Turtles) & Monk Seals

These animals are protected by state and federal law. They often come ashore to rest and bask in the sun.

  • • Maintain 10-15 feet distance minimum
  • • Never touch, harass, or disturb them
  • • Don't block their path to/from ocean
  • • Observe quietly and respectfully

🐬 Naiʻa (Spinner Dolphins)

It is illegal to approach within 50 yards of Hawaiian spinner dolphins.

  • • They rest in calm bays during the day
  • • Approaching disrupts crucial rest cycle
  • • Admire from a respectful distance
  • • Let them approach you if they choose

🦈 Manō (Sharks)

Sharks are a vital part of a healthy ocean ecosystem. Encounters are rare, but follow these safety tips:

  • • Swim with a buddy always
  • • Avoid dawn and dusk waters
  • • Stay out of murky stream mouths
  • • Don't wear shiny jewelry

🪸 Coral Reefs

Remember that coral is a living animal. Protect these precious ecosystems:

  • • Never touch with hands, fins, or body
  • • Use only reef-safe sunscreen
  • • Don't stand on or kick coral
  • • A single footprint can destroy decades of growth

For real-time conditions and warnings for lifeguarded beaches, always check the official HawaiiBeachSafety.com website before you go. For more in-depth information, the websites for NOAA and the Hawaii DLNR are your most trusted resources.